C

Step 1: Understand the concept of the absolute scale of temperature, which is based on absolute zero, the point where all molecular motion ceases. The Kelvin scale is the absolute temperature scale, and it begins at absolute zero.
Step 2: Identify which of the given devices can accurately measure temperatures in relation to absolute zero.
Step 3: Evaluate the options:
- Radiation pyrometer: This device measures temperature based on the radiation emitted by an object. It is generally used for high temperatures but is not directly related to absolute zero.
- Platinum resistance thermometer: This device is based on the resistance of platinum changing with temperature but does not provide the absolute scale directly.
- Constant volume helium gas thermometer: This thermometer operates on the principles of gas laws and provides a direct measurement related to absolute zero and the Kelvin scale.
- Constant pressure ideal gas thermometer: While this can also relate to absolute temperature, the constant volume helium gas thermometer is more accurate and commonly used in the laboratory setting for reproducing the absolute scale effectively.
Conclusion: The constant volume helium gas thermometer is specifically designed to measure temperature accurately in relation to the absolute scale.
Therefore, the correct answer is C.